The temple that Athenians dedicated to the protector of the city, Athena Virgin, is the most magnificent creation of Athenian democracy at the height of its power and the finest in composition and execution of the monument on the Acropolis. It was built in the years 447-438 BC, within the larger building program on the Acropolis by Pericles initiative, and on the site of earlier temples dedicated to Athena.
The (Parthenon III) succeeded an earlier marble temple (Parthenon II), which began to be built after the victory at Marathon, about 490 BC, but never completed it in 480 BC destroyed by the Persians. He in turn was built on an older church position, the primary Parthenon (Parthenon I), which was built around 570 BC Today visitors can admire the marble Parthenon of Pericles years, designed by Iktinos with partner Kallikratis. The responsibility of the sculptural decoration and ivory statue of Athena, who was inside, and the whole construction of the temple project was the famous sculptor Phidias.