Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi
Classical 17th-century fountain, a homage to 4 rivers, featuring a Roman obelisk topped by a dove. Fountain of the Four Rivers on Piazza Navona. Ancient fountain, statues, obelisk design of Bernini. Famous landmark touristic location near Sant Agnese in Agone church. “Fountain of the Four Rivers” (Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi), not “Fiumi Fountain.”
- Location:
- The Fountain of the Four Rivers is situated in the center of Piazza Navona, one of the most iconic squares in Rome, Italy.
- Architect:
- The fountain was designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, a prominent Baroque sculptor and architect, in 1651.
- Commissioned By:
- Pope Innocent X commissioned the fountain as part of the embellishment of Piazza Navona.
- Symbolism:
- The fountain represents the four major rivers known at that time, each representing a different continent. The rivers depicted are the Nile (Africa), the Ganges (Asia), the Danube (Europe), and the Rio de la Plata (the Americas).
- Central Obelisk:
- Rising from the center of the fountain is an ancient Egyptian obelisk, crowned with the Pamphili family emblem.
- Allegorical Figures:
- Each river is personified by an allegorical figure. The figures surrounding the base of the obelisk represent the Nile, with a head covered, the Ganges with an oar, the Danube with a horse, and the Rio de la Plata with a pile of coins.
- Dramatic Expression:
- The fountain is known for its dramatic expression, with the figures seemingly interacting with the powerful flow of water.
- Navona Square:
- Piazza Navona itself was originally a stadium during the Roman era. The fountain is a centerpiece in the square, surrounded by other Baroque masterpieces.
- Influence:
- The Fountain of the Four Rivers is considered one of Bernini’s masterpieces and is an important example of Baroque sculpture and architecture.
- Tourist Attraction:
- The fountain is a popular tourist attraction, drawing visitors who admire its artistic beauty and the lively atmosphere of Piazza Navona.
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